Thomson's Plum Pudding Model of the Atom - MCQ Practice Set

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01. What was the Thomson atomic model primarily aimed at describing?
a) The behavior of electrons in atoms
b) The distribution of positive and negative charges within atoms
c) The structure of the nucleus within atoms
d) The formation of chemical bonds between atoms
Answer: b) The distribution of positive and negative charges within atoms
Explanation: The Thomson atomic model focused on describing the internal structure of atoms, particularly the distribution of positive charge (represented as a sphere) with negatively charged electrons embedded throughout, akin to plums in a pudding.

02. Who initially proposed the Thomson atomic model?
a) Joseph John Thomson
b) William Thomson (Lord Kelvin)
c) Ernest Rutherford
d) Niels Bohr
Answer: b) William Thomson (Lord Kelvin)
Explanation: The Thomson atomic model was initially suggested by William Thomson, commonly known as Lord Kelvin, around 1900.

03. What did J.J. Thomson's discovery of the electron establish?
a) The existence of positively charged particles within atoms
b) The existence of negatively charged particles within atoms
c) The existence of neutrons within atoms
d) The existence of protons within atoms
Answer: b) The existence of negatively charged particles within atoms
Explanation: J.J. Thomson's discovery of the electron in 1897 established the existence of negatively charged particles within atoms, which was a groundbreaking finding.

04. What model did J.J. Thomson propose based on his experiments with cathode rays?
a) Nuclear model
b) Plum Pudding Model
c) Bohr's model of the atom
d) Quantum model
Explanation: J.J. Thomson proposed the Plum Pudding Model in 1904, inspired by his experiments with cathode rays, which showed that atoms consist of a positively charged sphere with negatively charged electrons embedded throughout.

05. According to the Plum Pudding Model, how are electrons arranged within an atom?
a) Orbiting around the nucleus
b) Embedded throughout a positively charged sphere
c) Confined within the nucleus
d) Scattered randomly within the atom
Answer: b) Embedded throughout a positively charged sphere
Explanation: In the Plum Pudding Model, electrons are depicted as embedded throughout a positively charged sphere, resembling plums in a pudding.

06. What limitation of Thomson's Atomic Model is mentioned in the passage?
a) It failed to explain the behavior of alpha particles
b) It couldn't account for the scattering of alpha particles by thin metal foils
c) It didn't explain the distribution of electrons within atoms
d) It couldn't predict the existence of neutrons within atoms
Answer: b) It couldn't account for the scattering of alpha particles by thin metal foils
Explanation: One limitation of Thomson's Atomic Model mentioned is its failure to explain the scattering of alpha particles by thin metal foils, which was later addressed by Rutherford's nuclear model.

07. What is the main reason Thomson's Plum Pudding Model was eventually replaced by other models?
a) Lack of experimental evidence
b) Inability to explain the behavior of electrons
c) Failure to account for the stability of atoms
d) Contradictions with quantum mechanics
Answer: c) Failure to account for the stability of atoms
Explanation: Thomson's Plum Pudding Model was replaced by more accurate models, such as Rutherford's nuclear model and Bohr's model of the atom, primarily because it failed to explain the stability of atoms.

08. What aspect of Thomson's Plum Pudding Model laid the groundwork for modern understanding of atomic structure?
a) Its depiction of electrons orbiting the nucleus
b) Its visualization of the nucleus as a positively charged sphere
c) Its proposal of a neutral atom with equal positive and negative charges
d) Its recognition of electrons as subatomic particles
Answer: d) Its recognition of electrons as subatomic particles
Explanation: Thomson's Plum Pudding Model laid the groundwork for modern understanding by recognizing electrons as subatomic particles and proposing their distribution within atoms.

09. What honor was J.J. Thomson awarded for his contributions to atomic theory?
a) Nobel Prize in Chemistry
b) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
c) Nobel Peace Prize
d) Nobel Prize in Physics
Answer: d) Nobel Prize in Physics
Explanation: J.J. Thomson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1906 for his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases, which included his contributions to atomic theory.

10. What is the central feature of Thomson's Plum Pudding Model?
a) Atoms are composed of positively charged spheres with electrons orbiting around them.
b) Atoms are composed of positively charged spheres with electrons scattered throughout.
c) Atoms are composed of a nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons.
d) Atoms are composed of a neutral mixture of positive and negative charges.
Answer: b) Atoms are composed of positively charged spheres with electrons scattered throughout.
Explanation: The central feature of Thomson's Plum Pudding Model is that atoms are depicted as positively charged spheres with electrons scattered throughout, resembling plums in a pudding.




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